Cognitive Psychology Test Answers, Exam Answers, Quiz Answers

The textbook's discussion of 'mutilated lemons' and 'perfect counterfeits' implies all of the following except that:
C. participants are unable to separate their judgments about category membership from their judgments about typicality.
Participants are better able to remember material learned earlier if they are in the same state at the time of recall that they were in at the time of learning. In network terms, this reflects the fact that nodes for the target materials:
B. are receiving activation from both the nodes representing the retrieval cues and the nodes representing the participants' state
The existence of "illusory correlations" (e.g., Chapman & Chapman's work) provides support for ___________ theories of concepts.
D. Theory-based
An 'image file' refers to:
C. descriptive information in long-term memory used as the basis for creating an active image
Judgments according to typicality work well as an identification heuristic. Which of the following does not contribute to the success of this heuristic?
A. Judgments based on typicality can lead to error, since typicality is not the same as category membership.
A connectionist model has all but which of the following:
A. a homunculus
Connectionist (or PDP) models differ from classic associative networks in the fact that connectionism:
D. employs distributed processes
If you have a dog named "Rover," your knowledge of Rover could be represented as an associative network. In this network, the node for Rover that is connected to the node for dog by an isa relation is a(n)
B. token node
If your understanding of what I say is affected by what you think I think you know, psycholinguists say this shows the operation of:
B. Common ground
In ordinary speech production, the boundaries between syllables or between words are:
B. usually not marked, so they must be determined by the perceiver.
The rules governing the sequence of words in forming phrases and sentences are rules of:
B. syntax
In memorizing new material, it is consistently helpful if one imagines the items:
C. interacting with each other in some way
Evidence from aphasia and neuroimaging indicates:
D. different areas of the brain are specialized for different language functions
It seems unlikely that our conceptual knowledge is represented by 'mental definitions' because:
D. it is easy to find exceptions to any definition proposed
If asked to name as many birds as they can, participants are most likely to name:
B. birds resembling the prototype (e.g., robin, sparrow)
People are more likely to detect that an unfamiliar object changed in a picture between training and test than they are to detect that a familiar object changed (e.g. they are more likely to recognize that a fireplace disappeared from a kitchen than that a toaster disappeared. This indicates
D. a schema effect in visual memory
The term 'categorical perception' refers to the fact that:
A. we are better at hearing the difference between sounds from different categories than we are at distinguishing sounds from the same category
In a lexical-decision task, participants:
A. are shown letter strings and must decide whether or not each is a word
Which of the following is a criticism of examplar theories of concepts?
D. All the above
Studies of image scanning indicate that:
A. points close together on the imaged object are functionally close in the mental image
The fact that people tend initially to misunderstand sentences like "Because he ran the second mile went quickly" or "the secretary applauded for his efforts was soon promoted" is referred to as:
A. garden-pathing
The fan effect is taken to support:
B. spreading activation network theories
The term 'basic-level category' refers to:
B. the most natural level of categorization, neither too specific nor too general
What is the term for the minimal meaningful unit of language?
D. Morpheme
According to Collins and Quillian's classic sentence verification experiment, which kinds of sentences are verified faster?
B. The sentence whose key nodes are separated in the network by the fewest links.
Evidence suggests that preschool children seem to believe that:
C. no matter how you changed a skunk's behavior or appearance, it would still be a skunk and not a raccoon
A young child's ability to correctly answer a question like 'When did the boy say how he hurt himself' means that:
B. The child innately knows some constraints on possible sentence structures

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